CHAPTER III (GENERAL EXCEPTIONS)

Section 44: Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person

Previously Section 106 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) If in the exercise of the right of private defence against an assault which reasonably causes the apprehension of death, the defender be so situated that he cannot effectually exercise that right without risk of harm to an innocent person, his right of private defence extends […]

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Section 43: Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of property

Previously Section 105 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) The right of private defence of property,––(a) commences when a reasonable apprehension of danger to the property commences;(b) against theft continues till the offender has effected his retreat with the property or either the assistance of the public authorities is obtained, or the property has been

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Section 41: When the right of private defence of property extends to causing death.

Previously Section 103 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) The right of private defence of property extends, under the restrictions specified in section 37, to the voluntary causing of death or of any other harm to the wrong-doer, if the offence, the committing of which, or the attempting to commit which, occasions the exercise of

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Section 36: Right of private defence against the act of a person with unsound mind, etc.

Previously Section 98 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) Changes: ‘Mental illness’ used for ‘Unsound mind’ When an act, which would otherwise be a certain offence, is not that offence, by reason of the youth, the want of maturity of understanding, the mental illness or the intoxication of the person doing that act, or by

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